A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography (2024)

Chen, C., Raghunathan, SB., Yu, Z., Shabanimotlagh, M., Chen, Z., Chang, Z., Blaak, S., Prins, C., Ponte, J., Noothout, EC., Vos, HJ., Bosch, J. G., Verweij, MD., de Jong, N. (2015). A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, 63(1), 47-59. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2496580

Chen, C ; Raghunathan, SB ; Yu, Z et al. / A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography. In: IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control. 2015 ; Vol. 63, No. 1. pp. 47-59.

@article{bfae03b18d2c4a3a9ccd0dea71c98ea7,

title = "A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography",

abstract = "This paper presents the design, fabrication, and experimental evaluation of a prototype lead zirconium titanate (PZT) matrix transducer with an integrated receive ASIC, as a proof of concept for a miniature three-dimensional (3-D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe. It consists of an array of 9 × 12 piezoelectric elements mounted on the ASIC via an integration scheme that involves direct electrical connections between a bond-pad array on the ASIC and the transducer elements. The ASIC addresses the critical challenge of reducing cable count, and includes front-end amplifiers with adjustable gains and microbeamformer circuits that locally process and combine echo signals received by the elements of each 3 × 3 subarray. Thus, an order-of-magnitude reduction in the number of receive channels is achieved. Dedicated circuit techniques are employed to meet the strict space and power constraints of TEE probes. The ASIC has been fabricated in a standard 0.18-μm CMOS process and consumes only 0.44 mW/channel. The prototype has been acoustically characterized in a water tank. The ASIC allows the array to be presteered across ±37° while achieving an overall dynamic range of 77 dB. Both the measured characteristics of the individual transducer elements and the performance of the ASIC are in good agreement with expectations, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.",

keywords = "Application specific integrated circuits, Transducers, Probes, Arrays, Three-dimensional displays, Delays, Imaging",

author = "C Chen and SB Raghunathan and Z Yu and M Shabanimotlagh and Z. Chen and Z Chang and Sandra Blaak and Christian Prins and Jacco Ponte and EC Noothout and HJ Vos and Bosch, {Johan G.} and MD Verweij and {de Jong}, N and MAP Pertijs",

year = "2015",

month = oct,

day = "30",

doi = "10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2496580",

language = "English",

volume = "63",

pages = "47--59",

journal = "IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control",

issn = "0885-3010",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)",

number = "1",

}

Chen, C, Raghunathan, SB, Yu, Z, Shabanimotlagh, M, Chen, Z, Chang, Z, Blaak, S, Prins, C, Ponte, J, Noothout, EC, Vos, HJ, Bosch, JG, Verweij, MD, de Jong, N 2015, 'A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography', IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 47-59. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2496580

A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography. / Chen, C; Raghunathan, SB; Yu, Z et al.
In: IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol. 63, No. 1, 30.10.2015, p. 47-59.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography

AU - Chen, C

AU - Raghunathan, SB

AU - Yu, Z

AU - Shabanimotlagh, M

AU - Chen, Z.

AU - Chang, Z

AU - Blaak, Sandra

AU - Prins, Christian

AU - Ponte, Jacco

AU - Noothout, EC

AU - Vos, HJ

AU - Bosch, Johan G.

AU - Verweij, MD

AU - de Jong, N

AU - Pertijs, MAP

PY - 2015/10/30

Y1 - 2015/10/30

N2 - This paper presents the design, fabrication, and experimental evaluation of a prototype lead zirconium titanate (PZT) matrix transducer with an integrated receive ASIC, as a proof of concept for a miniature three-dimensional (3-D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe. It consists of an array of 9 × 12 piezoelectric elements mounted on the ASIC via an integration scheme that involves direct electrical connections between a bond-pad array on the ASIC and the transducer elements. The ASIC addresses the critical challenge of reducing cable count, and includes front-end amplifiers with adjustable gains and microbeamformer circuits that locally process and combine echo signals received by the elements of each 3 × 3 subarray. Thus, an order-of-magnitude reduction in the number of receive channels is achieved. Dedicated circuit techniques are employed to meet the strict space and power constraints of TEE probes. The ASIC has been fabricated in a standard 0.18-μm CMOS process and consumes only 0.44 mW/channel. The prototype has been acoustically characterized in a water tank. The ASIC allows the array to be presteered across ±37° while achieving an overall dynamic range of 77 dB. Both the measured characteristics of the individual transducer elements and the performance of the ASIC are in good agreement with expectations, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.

AB - This paper presents the design, fabrication, and experimental evaluation of a prototype lead zirconium titanate (PZT) matrix transducer with an integrated receive ASIC, as a proof of concept for a miniature three-dimensional (3-D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe. It consists of an array of 9 × 12 piezoelectric elements mounted on the ASIC via an integration scheme that involves direct electrical connections between a bond-pad array on the ASIC and the transducer elements. The ASIC addresses the critical challenge of reducing cable count, and includes front-end amplifiers with adjustable gains and microbeamformer circuits that locally process and combine echo signals received by the elements of each 3 × 3 subarray. Thus, an order-of-magnitude reduction in the number of receive channels is achieved. Dedicated circuit techniques are employed to meet the strict space and power constraints of TEE probes. The ASIC has been fabricated in a standard 0.18-μm CMOS process and consumes only 0.44 mW/channel. The prototype has been acoustically characterized in a water tank. The ASIC allows the array to be presteered across ±37° while achieving an overall dynamic range of 77 dB. Both the measured characteristics of the individual transducer elements and the performance of the ASIC are in good agreement with expectations, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.

KW - Application specific integrated circuits

KW - Transducers

KW - Probes

KW - Arrays

KW - Three-dimensional displays

KW - Delays

KW - Imaging

U2 - 10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2496580

DO - 10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2496580

M3 - Article

SN - 0885-3010

VL - 63

SP - 47

EP - 59

JO - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control

JF - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control

IS - 1

ER -

Chen C, Raghunathan SB, Yu Z, Shabanimotlagh M, Chen Z, Chang Z et al. A Prototype PZT Matrix Transducer With Low-Power Integrated Receive ASIC for 3-D Transesophageal Echocardiography. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control. 2015 Oct 30;63(1):47-59. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2496580